Synthesis of MoS2 and MoO2 for their applications in H2 generation and lithium ion batteries: a review

Scientists increasingly witness the applications of MoS2 and MoO2 in the field of energy conversion and energy storage. On the one hand, MoS2 and MoO2 have been widely utilized as promising catalysts for electrocatalytic or photocatalytic hydrogen evolution in aqueous solution. On the other hand, MoS2 and MoO2 have also been verified as efficient electrode material for lithium ion batteries. In this review, the synthesis, structure and properties of MoS2 and MoO2 are briefly summarized according to their applications for H2 generation and lithium ion batteries. Firstly, we overview the recent advancements in the morphology control of MoS2 and MoO2 and their applications as electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reactions. Secondly, we focus on the photo-induced water splitting for H2 generation, in which MoS2 acts as an important co-catalyst when combined with other semiconductor catalysts. The newly reported research results of the significant functions of MoS2 nanocomposites in photo-induced water splitting are presented. Thirdly, we introduce the advantages of MoS2 and MoO2 for their enhanced cyclic performance and high capacity as electrode materials of lithium ion batteries. Recent key achievements in MoS2- and MoO2-based lithium ion batteries are highlighted. Finally, we discuss the future scope and the important challenges emerging from these fascinating materials.